- Stereochemistry: a. Elements of symmetry, simple axis of symmetry. Notation, relative configuration, and absolute configuration .Compounds with a chiral carbon atom, compounds with other quadrivalent chiral atoms. Optical isomerism in compounds containing no chiral atom, biphenyl, allenes, compounds with exocylic double bonds and spirans.
- Chirality due to helical shape.cis / trans, E – Z isomerism resulting from double bonds, monocyclic compounds, fused ring system. Racemic modifications and methods for resolution of racemic mixtures. Asymmetric synthesis and stereo – selective synthesis.
- Reactive Intermediates: Definitions, generation, stability, structure and reactivity of free radicals carbocations, carbanions, carbenes, Nitrenes/Nitrenium ions.
- Concepts of aromaticity and antiaromaticity, nonbenzenoid aromatic compounds.
- Mechanisms of organic reactions: Free radical, Electrophilic, Nucleophilic reactions of aliphatic and aromatic compounds
- Elimination Reactions: E1, E2, E1CB and E2CB mechanisms, Mechanisms and orientation in pyrolytic eliminations, effect of substrate structure, attacking base, leaving group and reaction bond, medium and reactivity addition to carbon – carbon multiple bond reactions. Mechanisms, Orientation and reactivity.
- Electrocyclic, pericyclic and sigmotropic reactions: Introduction, terminology and mechanism, with suitable examples.
- Francis A. Carey & Richard J. Sunberg, Advanced Org. Chemistry , III rd Edition, Par B; Reactions and synthesis , Plenum Press, new York , London , Latest Edition.
- Eliel I. Ernest and Samuel h, Stereochemistry of Org. Compounds, John Wiley and sons, New York, 2003 Edition.
- Roland E. Lehr & Alan P Marchard, Orbital Symmetry: A Problem solving approach, Academic Press, New York Latest Edition.
- J. March , Advanced Org. Chemistry , Reactions Mechanisms and Structure, 4th
- Edition, John Wiley & Sons , New York Latest Edition
- I. L. Finar , Organic Chemistry , ELBS
- Herbert O. Modern Synthesis Reactions IInd Edition W.A. Beenamis Inc. Menco Park California
- W. Carruthers, Some Modern Methods of Org. Synthesis, III rd Edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
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