JNTUK B.Tech Physical Chemistry gives you detail information of Physical Chemistry R13 syllabus It will be help full to understand you complete curriculum of the year.
Learning objectives
- The students will learn the basic concepts of distribution law, phase rule, chemical kinetics, solutions, spectro-photometry and separation techniques.
- The distribution law helps in understanding how a solute is distributed between two immiscible solvents; and also in selecting conditions for extraction of solutes (particularly naturally occurring products).
- Phase rule explains the equilibrium existing between the different phases of a heterogeneous system, solubility limits in a ternary system of water and two other liquids; construction of the solubility curve of the system; distribution ratio of the miscible component in the immiscible phases.
- Study of chemical kinetics explains the rates at which chemical reactions occur and also explains theories of reaction rates (Collision theory, Transition state theory) – rates of different chain reactions –Steady state approximation- these are important for chemical engineers to design equipment.
- The study of solutions is to understand the total vapor pressure of ideal or non-ideal mixtures of two volatile liquids as a function of chemical composition, miscibility of liquids, ideal and non ideal solutions – distillation methods– azeotropic mixtures.
- Study of fundamentals of spectroscopy gives an understanding of qualitative and quantitative analysis of substances (functional groups, ions, elements) and also helps in handling the spectrophotometers.
- The study of Chromatography is useful in quantitative and qualitative analysis of mixtures, and also to understand the mechanism by which components are separated on GC and HPLC techniques.
UNIT-I : Distribution Law: Distribution Law – Nernst Distribution Law – Distribution Coefficient – Explanation and Limitations of Distribution Law – Modification of Distribution Law – Determination of Equilibrium Constant from Distribution Coefficient – Applications of
Distribution Law.
UNIT-II : Phase Rule: Phase Rule – Terms involved in Phase Rule – Types of Liquids – Derivation of Phase Rule – Phase Diagrams of One Component (Water and Sulphur system), Two Component System – Eutectic Point (Lead Silver System) and three component system. Applications of Phase Rule.
UNIT-III : Chemical Kinetics: Introduction to Chemical Kinetics – Theories of Reaction Rates – Collision Theory – Modified Collision Theory – Absolute Reaction Rate Theory (Transition State Theory) – Reaction between Ions – Influence of Solvent (Double Sphere Activated Complex and Single Sphere Activated Complex) – Influence of Ionic Strength on the Rate of the Reactions – Chain Reactions – Hydrogen and Bromine, Hydrogen and Oxygen (Steady State Treatment) – Explosion Limits.
UNIT-IV : Solutions: Liquid-liquid-ideal solutions, Raoult’s law. Ideally dilute solutions, Henry’s law. Non-ideal solutions, Vapor pressure – composition and vapor pressure-temperature curves. Azeotropes-HCl-H2O, ethanol-water systems and fractional distillation. Partially miscible liquids-phenol-water, trimethylamine-water, nicotine-water systems effect of impurity on consulate temperature. Immiscible liquids and steam distillation.
UNIT-V :Spectrophotometry: General features of absorption-spectroscopy, Beer-Lambert’s law and its limitations, transmittance, Absorbance, and molar absorptivity; Single and double beam spectrophotometers. Application of Beers-Lamberts law for quantitative analysis of 1) Chromium in K2Cr2O7 2) Mn in MnSO4 3) Iron (III) with thiocyanate.
UNIT-VI : Separation Techniques: Solvent extraction: Principle and process, Batch extraction, Continuous extraction and counter current extraction, Application-Determination of Iron (III). Chromatography: Classification of chromatography methods, Principles of differential migration Adsorption phenomenon, nature of adsorbents, solvent systems, Rf values, factors effecting Rf values. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC): Principles and Applications. Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC): Principles and Applications.
Outcomes: At the end of the course, the students will be able to
- apply the principles of extraction to the industrial ternary systems.
- have an insight into the process of fractional distillation of petroleum, which is one of the major operations in petroleum refining.
- understand the various reactions that one comes across in petrochemical industry.
- use knowledge of solutions for the separations of liquid mixtures in industry and to develop the theoretical models for solutions.
- implement the analytical methods to determine the quality of substances involved in process industry and thus help to maintain quality of products.
Text Books
- Laidler, K. J., Chemical Kinetics, 2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1965.
- Puri, B. R., L. R. Sharma, M. S. Pathama, Principles of Physical Chemistry, Vishal Publishing Company, 2008.
- Castellan, G. W., Physical Chemistry, 3rd Edition, Narosa Publishing House, 2004.
- Manas Chanda, Atomic Structure and the Chemical Bond, 4th Edition, Tata-McGraw- Hill, 2000.
- Bahl, B. S., G. D. Tuli and Arun Bahl, Essentials of Physical Chemistry, 24th Revised Version, Chand & Co, 2000.
- Kapoor, K. L., A Textbook of Physical Chemistry, Macmillan, 2000.
Reference Books
- Peter Atkins, Julia de Paula, Physical Chemistry, 9th Edition, Oxford University Press, 2011.
- John A. Dean, Chemical Separation Methods, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1969.
- Kour, H., An Introduction to Chromatography, Pragati Publishers, 2007.
- Sastry, M. N., Separation Methods, Himalaya Publications, 3rd Edition, 2005.
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